Blog #2 – Structural Factors and Generalizations

Childhood as we know in today’s society can be described as a time of innocence, fun, and carefree. However, after reading Karen Sterheimer’s take on childhood, my perspective of this word and the meaning behind it completely changed. She states that “childhood is constantly shifting and changing, and it becomes defined based on the needs of society” (27) meaning that what we know of what childhood is now may have not been the same during a different time in America. Jazmine touched on a key point about childhood when she mentioned that different factors such as social status, living environment, ethnicity, and immigration status are predictors into determining different childhood experiences. Thus, as a society we cannot truly blame popular culture for its “negatively effect” on changing childhood. Rather, Sternheimer explains that structural forces is what influences change within childhood.

Further, generalizations, stereotypes, and labels are what our society utilizes to communicate with one another, however, learning how to properly utilize them can be confusing and difficult not only for children but also for adults. The article states that “we need, use, and draw upon generalizations to make sense of the world around us” which is true, however, when generalizations are used in a negative way to make assumptions about individuals who may not necessarily fit that specific generalization, then that becomes an issue. As Alexa stated, it is in our human nature to make generalizations about certain groups, institutions, topics, etc., to helps us understand how the world around us works. Often times, however, the media tends to make generalizations/stereotypes about certain groups without specifically targeting them which in turn creates a misunderstanding on how society sees them.

With that being said, I wanted to ask if you all were convinced by Sterheimer’s argument on structural factors as being the means for negatively affecting childhood as well as what are your thoughts on generalizations being utilized by the media.

Inclusive Leadership and Poverty; A Diversity Framework-Inclusive and Differentiated (POLICY VS HEART)

This week’s reading brought to mind the experience of a friend of mine several years ago. She is white, her husband is black. They have 2 children a boy, and a girl, who are a couple of grades apart in school. School policy had changed, allowing her to choose between two elementary schools equidistance from home for her children to attend. Upon registering, she was told that her son could not attend the school because the quota of caucasians to keep the school in balance was already attained. However, they might be able to allow her daughter to attend because that grade level was not out of balance. Rather than argue, she quietly left. Later she returned with her two children (whom had visibly black characteristics) and calmly, but demonstrably, asked which part of their color was going to be the deciding factor…their black or their white. I won’t expound on the various issues at play with this example, but it illustrates that policy and regulations to force diversity are not the most effective answer. Of course, policies of diversity in schools have changed since then. The level of diversity, and it’s definition have changed also.

As the readings point out, there is a large and increasing diversity in our more globally connected world. There is tremendous intersection between diverse groups makes it difficult and dangerous to group people statistically. I would argue that there is even an intersection between “privilege” and “disadvantage”. There is change power when educators (as leaders) use their awareness of diversity to find enough empathy to be willing to change their practices where necessary, access the knowledge fund of the students and community, to strive for access and excellence in education for all students regardless of the diversity. More than searching for particularly diverse teachers and leaders, I think we should instead search for ‘concerned’, ‘willing’ ‘diversity-minded’ teachers and leaders from any background. “Culture takes longer to change than climate, and it must be framed so that diversity can be facilitated rather than obstructed.”(Smith, 2015. pg. 73) I am beginning to realize that I believe in a more ‘grass roots’ change, than one from the top down using policy and regulations.

Although reading Smith was laborious I did find value in it. I think that a focus on building ‘human capital’ in institutions, in conjunction with a focus on building ‘human capacity’ and “…reframing the issue of diversity as an institutional imperative concerning education and excellence…”(Smith, 2015. pg. 88) Making decisions to change, or not change in the school culture using the seven guidelines on page 77 makes some sense to me (Smith, 2015. pg. 77).

Another quote hit home for me because of my current teaching assignment, “Poverty is not an excuse. It is a harsh reality.” (Diane Ravitch quoted in Smith, 2015. pg 40) It is hard work teaching at our school. Because of the poverty and related issues it requires heart, courage, understanding, and an ability to deal with many problems in addition to the basic classroom instruction. As the book shows, there is a lot of experiential deficit that needs addressing as well. It is a harder to staff school with more openings each year than other schools as teachers move on to easier schools. This results in a core of highly motivated teachers who remain because their ‘heart’ is in it. Even so, there is quite a bit of resistance when challenging curriculum is introduced. Some well-meaning teachers tend to shy away from challenging students and continue in low-level curriculum because they can see success more rapidly. Teaching higher levels of curriculum to students of poverty who are also EL requires excellent teaching practices, and you become VERY tired completing a day of instruction. I have found that my students DO rise to the expectations. The challenge is for the teacher in such situations to be able to maintain this level of instruction…it does require extra work with 98% of your students requiring pre-teaching and/or reteaching, and experience building.

Civil Rights

There were many Americans who reacted to the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. in a positive way, after he died many people believed that his death shouldn’t be in vain.

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They felt that the only way to accomplish that was to support what he deeply believed in. What I think was really interesting was that before when he was still alive not many people believed in him and the few people that did believe in him were never heard until after his death. Honestly to me their support wasn’t genuine if they really supported the civil rights they would’ve believed from the beginning when King was still alive and fighting for his dream. I feel that the people who supported him after his death were sympathetic and wanted to see his dream come true even if he wouldn’t be alive to see it in person.

So many people were sending letters to President Johnson, urging him to take action to pass the civil rights bill. They were scared that if he didn’t act soon that the House of Representatives would reject the bill before it had a chance to make a difference. Many people believed in supporting the minorities because they saw that no one would help them. Most of the minorities were jobless, homeless and had no voice.  When King stepped up, he became the voice for so many people, because of his bravery he was respected and admired by many. Just like he was admired by many, he was hated by many people as well, these people were the ones that assassinated the King.

The first letters I read were supporting the Civil Rights movement, they mostly talked about how we should pass the bill because since most of the minorities were born in America they should have the same rights we have.

Haverstock
Haverstock

Like in the words of Mr. Haverstock “Tragic events of the past few days make it clear to all have eyes to see and ears to hear that all is not right in America. The tragedy of Dr. Martin Luther King’s assassination and the ensuing violence and destruction in our cities certainly must tell us that it is high time to move in the directions so ably pointed out to us in the report of the President’s Commission on Civil Disorders.”

 

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Conrad

Just like there were people supporting the Civil Rights Movement because of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. there were also people who were supporters even before his assassination. Rolfe J. Conrad specifies on his letter that “I am requesting this not as a momentary emotional response to the assassination of Martin Luther King, but rather because of the renewed awareness that this is the kind of thing which should have taken place some time ago.”

The people who were against the Civil Rights Bill were very blunt and harsh template_1442599906790IMG_20150918_101927about their thoughts against the minorities, they didn’t want them to have any rights. They wanted the rights just for them and thought that if the President gave their rights to the minorities that he would be betraying the majority of the American citizens.

Overall the civi rights bill, changed the perspective of many people and how you don’t really realize thta there’s more than just your own needs in this world. We all share this world and it’s better to live it fairly.

Civil Rights: Government or people?

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The rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality, what does that mean to us? It should mean everything. The Civil Rights were created in the place of discrimination against blacks. They earned their rights to personal liberty. Many U.S. citizens seemed to be very concerned with the idea itself, but, not in a negative way. Citizens from all over the country addressed Congressman Harold Johnson on this specific subject. I read an extensive amount of letters concerning the Civil Rights movement and many surprised me. Although we want to believe that back then everyone was associated with racism towards people of different color, there were quite a few, in fact many that were routing for these law  to be passed.

The letter I have posted above was written by a fifteen-year-old high school student. This letter although not completely nostalgic, still had somewhat of a sentimental feel to it. This young girl writes in behalf of her colored peers expressing that she believes they cause no trouble and are all  like us. She goes as far as explaining how when they first came to the U.S. we used them as slaves. It warms my heart immensely because we wanted to believe that many people were just racist but in reality there were many warm and pure hearts out there that felt the need to take a stand to this. Although no one really knew what the Civil Rights Act was going to say or do to help anyone they were all for it. Equality has always been a big thing in this country, The land of the free and the home of the brave right?

This letter warms my heart  because it proves how many people were truly concerned with the way equality was working in the country. Even this young student that many may want to believe is still an age of “incompetence” speaks out. As I read these many letters from all types of people, I started to understand that as a country the citizens of the U.S. were united together without the encouragement of any government or anything else. I read in one letter from a mother of three children that she believed she raised her children to be kind to everyone no matter the color of their skin. The things they experienced through the government, on the television and all over the news exposed them to the prejudice people and ideas of this country. This was kind of hard to think about because although she has a point, the government does represent us as a whole and the things we believe.

There were many events leading up to the act. Maybe these events influenced the way many people thought. Or maybe some people already thought a certain way about the equality among us all but in the end it really didnt matter because there were people willing to stand up  and fight for equality and fight for what this country was founded on. Trust, freedom, and bravery.

My Take on the World 2015-09-18 23:18:41

On April 9, 1968, Richard Eggers from Red Buff, California wrote to Congressman Harold “Bizz” Johnson to give his insight on two topics that were swiping the country: civil rights and the Vietnam War. Mr. Eggers starts off by saying that he’s studied these two topics rather well, so his opinions aren’t just made on the “spur of the moment.” He also mentions that he is a history teacher and has had to deal with all sorts of questions from his students. However, Mr. Eggers goes on to say he knows that he doesn’t know everything about these topics. Despite this, he feels as if it is his responsibility to let Mr. Johnson know of his opinion so that the congressman could represent him. Mr. Eggers talks about his experience in Washington D.C. shortly after Martin Luther King Jr.’s assassination. He was completely appalled at how people were reacting to King’s death, how he deserved to die, and how the areas where the African Americans lived were in horrible condition. Mr. Eggers mentions that the type of reaction of King’s death was “based on racism, which is based on fear; which in turn results from ignorance and lack of education.” His solution is to fight with federal and state programs that provide better housing, education, jobs, and welfare instead of guns, fire, and violence. He states that he is willing to pay the higher taxes to make this possible. Also, towards the end of his letter, he mentions that he doesn’t see the need to be in Vietnam and wishes that the troops be removed.

While reading this letter, I couldn’t help but think, “Why can’t everyone think this way?” Mr. Eggers seemed to have common sense and saw how inhumane it was to treat other human beings with such disrespect and actually wish death upon them. He saw African Americans as actually people and not a nuisance like many other Americans did at the time.

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What Comes with Civil Rights?

Civil rights a time when People of Color primarily African Americans wanted to be treated like citizens, to be equal to the white man. Martin Luther King Jr. Lead the way with the people to demand the pass of the civil rights bill. Except it was not only the African Americans who wanted to be treated equally. Many of the white population agreed that the deserved the same treatment they received. So with that in mind the people decided to take up writing to Congress man Harold T. (BIZZ) Johnson.

I was able to read through letters primarily from Chico, CA in October 1963. Within this letters to Congress man Bizz Johnson the people spoke out and urged for the bill to be passed. Everyone of the letters in my fill agreed that people of color deserved the same rights. They saw them as their equals.

Out of the say 75 letters 1 particulate stood out to me it was from a white woman named Sherry Fish sent in on October 1, 1963.

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What captured me about this letter was that one of her first statements about how she felt in that point in time. She said in the beginning of the third paragraph “Negros are demanding excessive rights and not equal rights with the whites.” She than backs it up talking about an incident that happened in Oroville, where a store was picketed for discrimination. This was not the issue of course the issue was that after the owner admitted his wrong they continued to picket. This is a perfect example the excursiveness that was going on during this movement.

Sherry’s next example would be how in Boston segregation was something that almost agreed upon. That the city was divided by Race; Italian, Irish-Catholic, white, and black they in turn had their own stores, school, etc. This isn’t something she agreed with but said how it worked in that city.

Sherry Fish was about equality she even Mentioned two successful individuals a Navy Commander and a Judge who were of African American decent. She just believed that in order to gain the respect of the community it is important to make an effort.  Sherry mentions the Asian community and how they are respected because they strive for education, and respect from their peers. I agree this should be something to want but it should not be the grounds to be treated equally.

All in all I believe Sherry Fish’s letter had the best content and truly explained the reality of the situation. The process of getting the Civil Rights Bill passed was not at all easy. Sherry captured the reality of what was happening on the streets but correlated it with the positive African American to bring to the community. She comes of to be a very smart well rounded woman who believed in what was right but also believed that it is something that should not be taken to an excessive point such as violence. Sherry Fish reminds me of myself in the sense that there is a right to equality but it should never be accomplished in extreme measures.

 

Civil Rights Movement

This week in my University 198 class we read archives again, this time the folder of archives that I had were about the Civil Rights Bill. The folder had letters to Bizz Johnson, most of the letters I came across were written from high school students. Most of the high school students were taking an American Government course. They were writing to Bizz Johnson because they wanted to know his views on the Civil Rights that had recently been issued in 1963. While I was readinCivil Rights Movement letterg the letters from high school student I realized that most of them said the same things that they wanted Johnson to support the Civil Rights Bill. Usually I would expect adults writing letter to congress because they usually know the most about politics but I came across a letter written by a second grade teacher. Only she wasn’t writing on her behalf, she was writing for her students. This specific letter isn’t as long as the ones the high school students wrote. It still caught my attention because even the second graders, Gregg, Dan, Cindy, Ganet, Gale, Jana, and Rogger, knew about this bill. When I was in elementary school I don’t remember knowing about anything to do with politics besides the president’s name at the time. That was honestly shocking because children back then knew what was going on around them without having to find out through social media like most people now a days.

Many events occurred in 1963 that caused the Civil Rights Movement. In Baltimore, students from Morgan State and Howard Universities got together forcefully to end segregation. Some of these students went to jail because of their protest. A week later city officials agreed to end segregation of North wood Theater. In Cambridge, Maryland the city was in the longest unemployment time in a U.S community since the end of reconstruction. This happened because the Cambridge Nonviolent Action Committee tried to end segregation in local venues. The people who participated in any of those events were only trying to end segregation. The civil rights movement was for the African Americans and so that they can have equal rights everywhere they go. In the 1960’s was when the government was taking action on segregation.

We are lucky to live in a country with equal rights. People back in the days were segregated by color. Therefor, people of color had their own restroom, schools etc. Imagine how much African Americans struggled. They got discriminated just because of their skin color and race. How would you feel if you got discriminated because of your skin color or race? Since now a days there isn’t discrimination we don’t think about how our lives would be different if we lived before the Civil Rights movement.  We wouldn’t be friends with certain people we’re friends with now. Thinking about it I wouldn’t like to live in that time because I am blessed to have my friends even if they are a different race than I am. Having friends of different race is an amazing thing because you get exposed to different cultures instead of just your own.

Stereotypes

Stereotypes are made without people even knowing they are doing it and there is no way to stop yourself from stereotyping. Being educated on the subject and knowing what you’re talking about will help you to be more positive. The article states that “If you think all the media does is stereotype, you are stereotyping the media.” The media does provoke many stereotypes, but what they show on television or in movies is meant to make sure the individual that’s watching the program stays entertained and engaged. Age, race, gender, and sexual orientation are all associated with stereotypes and generalizations. The difference between the two of them, in my eyes, is that when you generalize something you put it into a group, like the example of different ethnic restaurants. Stereotypes are more negative and personal, like the example of Filipino men all being sexual predators.

Blog 2- Alexa Ellen

After reading this article i realized that generalizations and labels are necessary for communication, understanding the world around us and grouping. However labeling and making generalizations can quickly turn into a  negative stereotype. It is human nature for people to make generalizations in our heads to help us understand the world but i think its important to understand that every person is an individual and simply because they are a certain race, or gender it doesn’t automatically clump them into your generalization you have created.  For example, I grew up in a very wealthy suburban area so when I drive through Inglewood, or Compton I have assumed this area is dangerous, and even in the day time I will feel cautious. I think my sheltered upbringing has created a skewed perspective on what lower income communities are like.This generalization does hold some truth because there is in fact gangs and crime in the area, however it becomes a negative stereotype when you begin to judge individuals based on the towns they live it. My lack of exposure to a community with more racial diversity causes me to turn my generalizations into unfair stereotypes at  times. Although Inglewood and Compton do intact have dangerous areas i still should not stereotype every individual that lives there.In addition, i can partially blame television for giving me this generalization in the first place being that our local news channels discuss only crime in these areas rather than any good stories.