Renal GU Drug Review! Prinivil

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Lisinopril (Prinivil )

Who?:

  • Patients with hypertension
  • Patients with heart failure
  • Patients with acute MI

What?:

  • Ace Inhibitors
  • Inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme from converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II. It also prevents the degradation of bradykinin and other vasodilatory prostaglandins. Also increases plasma renin levels and decreases aldosterone levels. Net result is systemic vasodilation.

When?:

  • Once daily

Where?:

  • Chronic home med

Why?:

  • Management of patients with hypertension (high blood pressure); for those who had an MI; or to manage heart failure.
  • Vasodilator

How?:

  • Hypertension: Adults (PO)= 10mg once daily, can be increased to 20-40 mg/day
  • Renal: Adults (PO)= Initiate at 2.5-5mg daily; may be slowly titrated up to 40 mg/day.
  • Heart failure: Adults (PO)= 5 mg once daily, may be titrated every 2 weeks up to 40 mg/day. Initiate at 2.5 mg once daily for patients with hyponatremia.
  • MI: Adults (PO)= 5 mg once daily for 2 days, then 10 mg daily.
  • Safety: Avoid salt substitutes; hypotension; hyperkalemia risk; notify health care professional if rash, mouth sores, sore throat, fever, swelling of hands or feet, irregular heart beat, chest pain, dry cough, hoarseness.; fetal harm; angioedema (facial swelling and dyspnea).

Phoslo

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Phoslo (Calcium Acetate)

By Linda Schoch and Riley Friedl

Who: People who suffer from end stage renal disease get this drug

What: This drug is classified as a mineral and electrolyte replacement supplement, it works by binding to phosphate in the body, with forms a insoluble calcium phosphate complex this helps to facilitate excretion. Pharmacokinetics: absorbed through GI and it requires vit D to be used in the body, it spreads through body and can be found in breast milk and placenta, it is excreted in the feces (largest %) and the rest through the urine.

When: Dosing is 1334 mg with/before each meal

Where: This drug is given in the hospital and patients can also take it at home as well as long as they are monitoring for symptoms of hypercalcemia.

Why: this drug controls hyperphosphatemia due to the fact that ESRD patients tend to have high levels of P

How: it is given PO, with or before meals, and it is important to monitor the serum Ca and P levels, if the patient is on digoxin then monitor for s/s of toxicity. The most common side effects include: constipation, arrhythmia, bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, and renal calci.

Hydrochlorothiazide (Darcy and Shannon)

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Hydrochlorothiazide

WHO: Hypertensive patient, Heart Failure patient, Renal Failure patient, Liver cirrhosis patient, someone taking glucocorticoids, or someone on estrogen therapy.

WHAT: Thiazide Diuretic, Anti-hypertensive

It works by increasing the excretion of sodium and water by stopping sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule of the nephron. It also encourages the excretion of chloride, potassium, hydrogen, magnesium, phosphate, calcium, and bicarbonate. May also cause arterioles to dilate.

HOW:  Adult dose: 12.5-100mg/day, given over 1-2 doses. Can be given up to 200mg/day.  Given by mouth.

Safety: Watch for electrolyte imbalances. Monitor BP, I&O, assess edema, watch for skin rash and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.  Allergy Warning: Assess for allergy to sulfonamides.

WHEN: It is generally given daily, but may be given every other day. Give when blood pressure is too high or there is edema present. Also, give in the morning to prevent disrupting sleep cycle.

WHERE: Can be used in the acute care setting or at home.

WHY: Treatment for edema and hypertension.

Renal GU Drug Review: Oxybutynin

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Who? Patients with overactive bladder (or OAB caused by nerve disorders in children, such as Spina Bifida),have symptoms of bladder instability, neurogenic bladder disfunction

What? Class: Muscarinic receptor antagonist. Antispasmodic.

When? Ranges from once daily or three times a day. It should be taken at the same time every day.

Where? Chronic home medication

why? Increases maximum urinary bladder capacity and increases the volume to first detrusor contraction and delays initial desire to void. It helps decrease muscle spasms of the bladder and the frequent urge to urinate caused by these spasms.

How? 5mg PO tid, max: 5 mg qid. Elderly: 2.5 PO mg bid-tid. Do not chew or crush the extended release tablets

 

Kaitlin Priebe, Lauren Franke, Yosemite Olivo

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Renal GU Drug Review!

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Please find out and post about:

Who?  (Who gets it or what disease process)

What? (Class? Pharmokinetics? How does it work)

When? (Frequency)

Where? (Chronic home med – Acute care – both?)

Why?(Reason – Action)

How? (Dose, Route, Safety)

Trying this post again

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Still learning how to work this, did it work this time? keeping my fingers crossed!

Become a FIT Studio Cardholder and Get Swag!

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Everybody loves getting free swag, and we love seeing your faces stop by the FIT Studio. So to get the best of both worlds, we’ve created our FIT Frequent Visitor card. Every time you stop by the studio and work with us, we’ll give your card a punch. Once you’ve gotten all 10 punches, you’ll […]

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